The Importance of Education

The Importance of Education

4th Grade: Booker T. Washington


Life After The Civil War

In 1865, Booker’s family moved to West Virginia, where his step-father, Washington “Wash” Ferguson, was working. The family needed money so Booker started working. He even worked in a coal mine from the time he was 10 to 12 years old. But all the while, Booker had a strong desire, or determination, to go to school. His mother gave him a spelling book, and he spent hours studying it.

While working in the coal mines one day, Booker heard about an amazing school called the Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute in Virginia. It would cost money to attend, so he worked very hard and saved his money. During this time, he collected every book he could find and stored them in a dry goods box.


Think About It

Why did Booker collect books?
What does this tell you about how much he valued reading?

Determined Booker Earns Spot In School

The following year, Booker was determined to go to Hampton. He walked nearly 500 miles to the school of his dreams. Please read the following passage to find out more about Booker’s educational journey.

To get into Hampton, Booker faced a very different kind of entrance exam compared to today’s tests. Instead of answering multiple-choice questions, he had to clean a room! A teacher checked the room with a white handkerchief to make sure there was no dirt left. Booker did an excellent job and he was accepted into Hampton.

During his time at Hampton, Booker learned many different subjects. He learned regular school stuff like reading and math. But, he also learned about farming, good manners, personal hygiene, speaking in public, and debate. He worked really hard and did so well that he graduated with honors in 1875. What’s even more impressive is that he was selected to give a speech at the graduation ceremony!


Think About It

What did Booker T. Washington learn at Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute?
What did Booker T. Washington have to do to accomplish his goals?

Booker Becomes a Principal

Booker T. Washington later became the principal of a new school called the Tuskegee Normal School in Alabama. It was supposed to train Black teachers, but at first, the school didn’t have much money or a building. However, Booker was determined. With the help of the community and the students, the school opened in 1881. The school grew because of the hard work and determination of Booker and the students. They built buildings, made bricks for the buildings and sold bricks for money.

Think About It

What type of leader do you think Booker was?